Zirkonyum
40
Zr
Grup
4
Periyot
5
Blok
d
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Nötronlar
40
40
51
Temel Özellikleri
Atom numarası
40
Atom ağırlığı
91,224
Kütle Numarası
91
Kategori
Geçiş metalleri
Renk
Gümüşi
Radyoaktif
Hayir
From the Persian zargun, gold like
Kristal yapısı
Basit altıgen
Tarihi
Zirconium was first recognized as an element by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1789, in Berlin, in a sample of zircon from Sri Lanka.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Enerji seviyesi başına Elektronlar
2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Elektron dizilimi
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
The most common oxide is zirconium dioxide, also referred to as zirconia
Fiziksel Özellikleri
Faz
Katı
Yoğunluk
6,506 g/cm3
Ergime noktası
2128,15 K | 1855 °C | 3371 °F
Kaynama noktası
4682,15 K | 4409 °C | 7968,2 °F
Ergime ısısı
21 kJ/mol
Buharlaşma ısısı
580 kJ/mol
Isı kapasitesi
0,278 J/g·K
Dünya kabuğundaki bulunulabilirliği
0,013%
Evrendeki bulunulabilirliği
5×10-6%
Resim kaynağı: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Two samples of crystal bar showing different surface textures as well as a highly pure zirconium cube for comparison
CAS Numarası
7440-67-7
PubChem CID Numarası
23995
Atom Özellikleri
Atom yarıçapı
160 pm
Kovalent yarıçapı
175 pm
Elektronegatifliği
1,33 (Pauling ölçeği)
İyonlaşma enerjisi
6,6339 eV
Atomik Hacim
14,0 cm3/mol
Isıl iletkenlik
0,227 W/cm·K
Yükseltgenme seviyeleri
1, 2, 3, 4
Uygulamalar
Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although it is used in small amounts as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is considered to be non-toxic
İzotoplar
Kararlı izotoplar
90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 94ZrKararsız izotoplar
78Zr, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 83Zr, 84Zr, 85Zr, 86Zr, 87Zr, 88Zr, 89Zr, 93Zr, 95Zr, 96Zr, 97Zr, 98Zr, 99Zr, 100Zr, 101Zr, 102Zr, 103Zr, 104Zr, 105Zr, 106Zr, 107Zr, 108Zr, 109Zr, 110Zr