Kaliforniyum
98
Cf
Grup
yok
Periyot
7
Blok
f
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Nötronlar
98
98
153
Temel Özellikleri
Atom numarası
98
Atom ağırlığı
[251]
Kütle Numarası
251
Kategori
Aktinit
Renk
yok
Radyoaktif
Evet
Named after California and the University of California
Kristal yapısı
Basit altıgen
Tarihi
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Enerji seviyesi başına Elektronlar
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Elektron dizilimi
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Fiziksel Özellikleri
Faz
Katı
Yoğunluk
15,1 g/cm3
Ergime noktası
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Kaynama noktası
-
Ergime ısısı
yok
Buharlaşma ısısı
yok
Isı kapasitesi
-
Dünya kabuğundaki bulunulabilirliği
yok
Evrendeki bulunulabilirliği
yok
CAS Numarası
7440-71-3
PubChem CID Numarası
yok
Atom Özellikleri
Atom yarıçapı
-
Kovalent yarıçapı
-
Elektronegatifliği
1,3 (Pauling ölçeği)
İyonlaşma enerjisi
6,2817 eV
Atomik Hacim
18,4 cm3/mol
Isıl iletkenlik
0,1 W/cm·K
Yükseltgenme seviyeleri
2, 3, 4
Uygulamalar
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
İzotoplar
Kararlı izotoplar
-Kararsız izotoplar
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf