Plutonyum
94
Pu
Grup
yok
Periyot
7
Blok
f
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Nötronlar
94
94
150
Temel Özellikleri
Atom numarası
94
Atom ağırlığı
[244]
Kütle Numarası
244
Kategori
Aktinit
Renk
Gümüşi
Radyoaktif
Evet
Named after the planet Pluto
Kristal yapısı
Basit monoklinik
Tarihi
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Enerji seviyesi başına Elektronlar
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Elektron dizilimi
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fiziksel Özellikleri
Faz
Katı
Yoğunluk
19,816 g/cm3
Ergime noktası
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Kaynama noktası
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Ergime ısısı
yok
Buharlaşma ısısı
325 kJ/mol
Isı kapasitesi
-
Dünya kabuğundaki bulunulabilirliği
yok
Evrendeki bulunulabilirliği
yok
Resim kaynağı: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS Numarası
7440-07-5
PubChem CID Numarası
23940
Atom Özellikleri
Atom yarıçapı
159 pm
Kovalent yarıçapı
187 pm
Elektronegatifliği
1,28 (Pauling ölçeği)
İyonlaşma enerjisi
6,0262 eV
Atomik Hacim
12,32 cm3/mol
Isıl iletkenlik
0,0674 W/cm·K
Yükseltgenme seviyeleri
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Uygulamalar
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
İzotoplar
Kararlı izotoplar
-Kararsız izotoplar
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu