Karbon
6
C
Grup
14
Periyot
2
Blok
p
Protonlar
Elektronlar
Nötronlar
6
6
6
Temel Özellikleri
Atom numarası
6
Atom ağırlığı
12,0107
Kütle Numarası
12
Kategori
Diğer ametaller
Renk
Siyah
Radyoaktif
Hayir
From the Latin word carbo, charcoal
Kristal yapısı
Basit altıgen
Tarihi
Carbon was discovered in prehistory and was known in the forms of soot and charcoal to the earliest human civilizations.
In 1772, Antoine Lavoisier showed that diamonds are a form of carbon; when he burned samples of charcoal and diamond and found that neither produced any water.
In 1779, Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that graphite burned to form carbon dioxide and so must be another form of carbon.
In 1772, Antoine Lavoisier showed that diamonds are a form of carbon; when he burned samples of charcoal and diamond and found that neither produced any water.
In 1779, Carl Wilhelm Scheele showed that graphite burned to form carbon dioxide and so must be another form of carbon.
Enerji seviyesi başına Elektronlar
2, 4
Elektron dizilimi
[He] 2s2 2p2
About 20% of the weight of living organisms is carbon
Fiziksel Özellikleri
Faz
Katı
Yoğunluk
2,267 g/cm3
Ergime noktası
3948,15 K | 3675 °C | 6647 °F
Kaynama noktası
4300,15 K | 4027 °C | 7280,6 °F
Ergime ısısı
105 kJ/mol
Buharlaşma ısısı
715 kJ/mol
Isı kapasitesi
0,709 J/g·K
Dünya kabuğundaki bulunulabilirliği
0,18%
Evrendeki bulunulabilirliği
0,5%
CAS Numarası
7440-44-0
PubChem CID Numarası
5462310
Atom Özellikleri
Atom yarıçapı
67 pm
Kovalent yarıçapı
77 pm
Elektronegatifliği
2,55 (Pauling ölçeği)
İyonlaşma enerjisi
11,2603 eV
Atomik Hacim
5,31 cm3/mol
Isıl iletkenlik
1,29 W/cm·K
Yükseltgenme seviyeleri
-4, -3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Uygulamalar
The major use of carbon other than food and wood is in the form of hydrocarbons, most notably the fossil fuel methane gas and crude oil.
Graphite is used for pencil tips, high temperature crucibles, dry cells, electrodes and as a lubricant.
Diamonds are used in jewelry and in industry for cutting, drilling, grinding, and polishing.
Carbon black is used as the black pigment in printing ink.
Graphite is used for pencil tips, high temperature crucibles, dry cells, electrodes and as a lubricant.
Diamonds are used in jewelry and in industry for cutting, drilling, grinding, and polishing.
Carbon black is used as the black pigment in printing ink.
Pure carbon has extremely low toxicity to humans and can be handled safely in the form of graphite or charcoal
İzotoplar
Kararlı izotoplar
12C, 13CKararsız izotoplar
8C, 9C, 10C, 11C, 14C, 15C, 16C, 17C, 18C, 19C, 20C, 21C, 22C